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1. Epistemology is concerned with the study of:
a) knowledge b) mental phenomena c) social and historical contexts d) the nature of reality
2. Empiricism is the belief that:
a) objectivity is impossible b) objectivity is possible c) truth can only be established by reference to social and historical discources d) it is possible to establish objectively true facts using information derived through our senses through observation and experimentation
3. Relativism is:
a) the view that there can be no ultimate truth b) the belief in a world independent of our subjective observations c) the belief that scientific methods are the best way to gain an understanding of reality d) the view that truth can be established independently of social and historical processes
4. Social constructionists see language as:
a) relevant to psychology, but not of central importance b) central to any form of psychological analysis c) primarily a means of describing the world d) primarily a tool for communicating our thoughts
5. Foucault's form of discourse analysis is especially concerned with:
a) issues of power b) non-verbal communication c) conversations between people d) none of the above
6. Which of the following 'strategies of enquiry' are characteristic of quantitative research?:
a) quasi-experiments b) 'true' experiments c) questionnaires d) all of the above
7. 'Reliability' and 'validity' are particularly important to:
a) social constructionists b) relativists c) qualitative researchers d) quantitative researchers
8. Pragmatists would argue that:
a) both qualitative and quantitative methods can be combined in the same study b) qualitative and quantitative methods are essentially at odds and therefore cannot be combined c) quantitative approaches are better than qualitative approaches d) qualitative approaches are better than quantitative approaches
9. Reflexivity is concerned with:
a) the ways in which we can make our studies objective b) the ability to assess the validity of the methods used c) the ways in which a researcher's beliefs and actions can act back upon the research process d) the attempt to identify researcher bias in research so that it can be eliminated as far as possible
10. Which of the following statements is 'most true' of qualitative approaches to research:
a) they are concerned with language and meaning b) they are concerned with numerical data c) they often require large numbers of participants d) all of the above
11. Which of the following 'p' values, if any, would indicate a significant effect?:
a) p = 0.03 b) p = 0.19 c) p > 0.50 d) none of the above
12. ANCOVA shows us how likely it is that differences between conditions are due to sampling error, once means have been adjusted for the relationship between the:
a) dependent variable and the covariate b) independent variable and the covariate c) dependent variable and the independent variable d) all of the above
13. A covariate is a variable that has a:
a) curvilinear relationship with the dependent variable b) linear relationship with the dependent variable c) curvilinear relationship with the independent variable d) linear relationship with the independent variable
14. Rather than controlling statistically for a covariate, a researcher can:
a) control experimentally by matching participants to the conditions b) control experimentally by reducing within-participant variance c) control experimentally by performing hand calculations d) all of the above
15. A researcher carried out an ANCOVA to examine the relationship between scores on a vocabulary skills test and the ability to solve crossword puzzles, while controlling for the effects of previous experience in doing crossword puzzles. The covariate in this study is:
a) vocabulary skills test scores b) crossword puzzle solving ability c) levels of previous experience d) individual differences
16. A researcher was interested in whether height and weight predict food consumption. She ran a standard multiple regression with 'height' and 'weight' as predictor variables, and 'food consumption' as the criterion variable. In the model summary table she observed an 'R value' of 0.42. From this she was able to conclude that height and weight taken together predict X per cent of variability in food consumption. What is the value of X? :
a) 17.6 b) 42 c) 4.2 d) 64.8
17. If the researcher in the above study wanted to see whether 'weight' predicted a significant amount of food consumption after 'height' had been taken into account, she would run:
a) a standard regression with weight and height entered simulatneously b) a hierarchical regression with weight entered first c) a hierarchical regression with height entered first d) a hierarchical regression with weight and height entered simultaneously
18. The multiple regression equation derived for the above study would take the form:
a) Y = a + b1X1 + b2X2 + b3X3 b) Y = b1X1 + b2X2 c) Y = a + bX d) none of the above
19. A data point which is shown to be more than 3 standard deviations from the mean when considered in relation to a single variable is called a:
a) multivariate outlier b) univariate outlier c) singular variable d) confounding outlier
20. In regression analysis, the difference between a predicted and actual score on the criterion variable is called a:
a) standardised score b) standard score c) residual d) none of the above
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1. Have you ever previously completed an assignment online (rather than by pen and paper)?:
a) Yes b) No
2. If required to complete an assignment as part of your coursework, would you prefer to do this:
a) online b) by pen and paper b) no strong preference
If you wish, please give a reason for your answer in the space below:
For the following four questions, please indicate how strongly you agree with the statement provided:
3. ‘Doing assignments online is convenient because it means I can submit my work without needing to come into college.’
a) strongly agree b) agree c) neutral d) disagree e) strongly disagree
4. If doing an assignment online I would feel more worried (than with a pen and paper assignment) that my answers may not be sent properly and my assignment may get lost.
5. The need to be sat in front of a computer when doing an online assignment is not a major disadvantage of this type of assignment.
6. The need to complete things in one sitting when doing an online assignment makes this type of assignment unappealing to me.
7. Please highlight any positive aspects you see in doing assignments online:
8. Please highlight any negative aspects you see in doing assignments online:
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